He graduated from Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine in 1991. He completed his compulsory service in Muş Bulanık district and Muş State Hospital emergency service between 1992-1993.
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It is a condition that hinders the functioning of different areas of the brain, making communication difficult. Autism is a developmental disorder characterized by difficulties in social interaction and communication, as well as limited or repetitive thoughts and behaviors, which can vary in severity throughout life.
In autism, symptoms often emerge within the first 3 years of life, so it is considered a developmental disorder. Differences in interactions with others, difficulty making eye contact and using gestures, delayed or limited speech ability, repetitive movements such as arm flapping, and aversion to loud noises are characteristic and recurring symptoms.
Symptoms sometimes start before the age of one, while in some cases, there may be normal psychosocial development initially, followed by regression and stagnation after uttering initial words such as "mom" and "dad." Autism is believed to stem from problems in the structure and functioning of the brain's nervous system. Parenting style or socio-economic status is not related to it.
Autism is a subset of pervasive developmental disorders. Other pervasive developmental disorders include:
In autism, different areas of the brain cannot synchronize. Most individuals with autism struggle to communicate with others. However, early diagnosis and intervention can somewhat improve communication. Although the exact cause of autism is not fully understood, genetic origins, birth complications, viral infections, and environmental factors such as pollution can be cited. It is thought that more than 100 genes on different chromosomes may contribute to autism spectrum disorder to varying degrees. It is reported that all teratogens that affect birth defects, especially in the first eight weeks after conception, may be associated with the risk of autism. While this result provides strong evidence that autism develops very early in development, it cannot rule out later onset.
Autism symptoms are also observed in neuro-metabolic diseases that disrupt brain functions and cell communications, or in disorders such as epilepsy. Some foods, heavy metals, solvents, PCBs, phenols used in plastics, agricultural pesticides, alcohol, smoking, and drugs are among the environmental factors proposed to cause or exacerbate autism. Risk factors include advanced parental age and the mother being born outside of Europe and North America. Additionally, low birth weight, short gestational period, and the effect on many parts of the brain during birth can be observed. However, how this effect develops is not well understood. Vigilant parents notice symptoms in their children's first two years of life and seek medical help. Early behavioral or cognitive interventions can help children develop self-care skills and social and communication abilities. Few children diagnosed with autism can live independently as adults, some of whom may be successful in doing so. Some seek a cure for autism, while others believe it is more of a condition than a disorder. Functional changes in the attentional system have been observed, but functional magnetic resonance imaging related to attention allocation and goal-directed thinking has provided some data supporting the low connectivity theory of autism. The low connectivity theory of autism assumes weak top-level neural connections and synchronization, and excess at the sublevel. Evidence supporting this theory shows local over-connectivity in the cerebral cortex and both hemispheres, indicating a dysfunction of the association cortex in autism.
In autism, sensitivity to specific patterns, sounds, smells, or physical contact, obsessive behaviors, repetitive behaviors, difficulty transitioning between activities, limited social communication, and avoiding eye contact are commonly observed symptoms.
The main characteristics of autism are social interaction disorder, communication disorder, limited interests, and repetitive behavior. Other characteristics, such as atypical eating habits, are often observed but are not necessary for diagnosis.
- Significant problems in the development of nonverbal communication skills such as eye contact, facial expressions, and body language
- Inability to make friends with peers
- Indifference to sharing fun, interest, or achievement with peers
- Lack of empathy
- Difficulty understanding the emotions of others such as pain and sorrow
- No response when called by name or spoken to directly
- Being excessively inactive or excessively active
- Dislike of physical contact
- Excessive attachment to certain objects
- Stubborn and aggressive behaviors
- Desensitization to pain and danger
- Excessive interest in objects, especially spinning objects
- Delay in speech
- Unique speech patterns and tone of voice
- Limited or nonexistent use of nonverbal communication such as gestures and facial expressions
- Repeatedly moving hands, arms, fingers, or head
- Forming sentences in patterns
- Obsession with order
- Insensitivity to conventional learning methods
- Aggressiveness towards oneself, surrounding objects, and people
- Discomfort and tension in crowded environments
- Eating disorder
- Pulling the arm of the person who will meet their needs to tell their problem
40% of autistics never speak. Additionally, autistic individuals struggle to continue a conversation that has started. Autistic individuals repeatedly say a certain sentence they have heard before.
